The Making of the United Kingdom

School History > Early Modern > The Making of the United Kingdom

img:is([sizes="auto" i],[sizes^="auto," i]){contain-intrinsic-size:3000px 1500px;}body.modal-open #wpadminbar{z-index:999;}.embed-responsive-16by9 .fluid-width-video-wrapper{padding:0 !important;position:initial;}img.wp-smiley,img.emoji{display:inline !important;border:none !important;box-shadow:none !important;height:1em !important;width:1em !important;margin:0 .07em !important;vertical-align:-.1em !important;background:none !important;padding:0 !important;}.wp-block-restrict-content-pro-content-upgrade-redirect .wp-block-button__width-25{width:calc(25% - .5rem);}.wp-block-restrict-content-pro-content-upgrade-redirect .wp-block-button__width-25 .wp-block-button__link{width:100%;}.wp-block-restrict-content-pro-content-upgrade-redirect .wp-block-button__width-50{width:calc(50% - .5rem);}.wp-block-restrict-content-pro-content-upgrade-redirect .wp-block-button__width-50 .wp-block-button__link{width:100%;}.wp-block-restrict-content-pro-content-upgrade-redirect .wp-block-button__width-75{width:calc(75% - .5rem);}.wp-block-restrict-content-pro-content-upgrade-redirect .wp-block-button__width-75 .wp-block-button__link{width:100%;}.wp-block-restrict-content-pro-content-upgrade-redirect .wp-block-button__width-100{margin-right:0;width:100%;}.wp-block-restrict-content-pro-content-upgrade-redirect .wp-block-button__width-100 .wp-block-button__link{width:100%;}.wp-block-button__link{color:#fff;background-color:#32373c;border-radius:9999px;box-shadow:none;text-decoration:none;padding:calc(.667em + 2px) calc(1.333em + 2px);font-size:1.125em;}.wp-block-file__button{background:#32373c;color:#fff;text-decoration:none;}:root{--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--square:1;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--4-3:4/3;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--3-4:3/4;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--3-2:3/2;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--2-3:2/3;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--16-9:16/9;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--9-16:9/16;--wp--preset--color--black:#000;--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray:#abb8c3;--wp--preset--color--white:#fff;--wp--preset--color--pale-pink:#f78da7;--wp--preset--color--vivid-red:#cf2e2e;--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange:#ff6900;--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber:#fcb900;--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan:#7bdcb5;--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan:#00d084;--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue:#8ed1fc;--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue:#0693e3;--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple:#9b51e0;--wp--preset--color--contrast:var(--contrast);--wp--preset--color--contrast-2:var(--contrast-2);--wp--preset--color--contrast-3:var(--contrast-3);--wp--preset--color--base:var(--base);--wp--preset--color--base-2:var(--base-2);--wp--preset--color--base-3:var(--base-3);--wp--preset--color--accent:var(--accent);--wp--preset--gradient--vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple:linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(6,147,227,1) 0%,#9b51e0 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan:linear-gradient(135deg,#7adcb4 0%,#00d082 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange:linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(252,185,0,1) 0%,rgba(255,105,0,1) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red:linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(255,105,0,1) 0%,#cf2e2e 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray:linear-gradient(135deg,#eee 0%,#a9b8c3 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--cool-to-warm-spectrum:linear-gradient(135deg,#4aeadc 0%,#9778d1 20%,#cf2aba 40%,#ee2c82 60%,#fb6962 80%,#fef84c 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--blush-light-purple:linear-gradient(135deg,#ffceec 0%,#9896f0 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--blush-bordeaux:linear-gradient(135deg,#fecda5 0%,#fe2d2d 50%,#6b003e 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-dusk:linear-gradient(135deg,#ffcb70 0%,#c751c0 50%,#4158d0 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--pale-ocean:linear-gradient(135deg,#fff5cb 0%,#b6e3d4 50%,#33a7b5 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--electric-grass:linear-gradient(135deg,#caf880 0%,#71ce7e 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--midnight:linear-gradient(135deg,#020381 0%,#2874fc 100%);--wp--preset--font-size--small:13px;--wp--preset--font-size--medium:20px;--wp--preset--font-size--large:36px;--wp--preset--font-size--x-large:42px;--wp--preset--spacing--20:.44rem;--wp--preset--spacing--30:.67rem;--wp--preset--spacing--40:1rem;--wp--preset--spacing--50:1.5rem;--wp--preset--spacing--60:2.25rem;--wp--preset--spacing--70:3.38rem;--wp--preset--spacing--80:5.06rem;--wp--preset--shadow--natural:6px 6px 9px rgba(0,0,0,.2);--wp--preset--shadow--deep:12px 12px 50px rgba(0,0,0,.4);--wp--preset--shadow--sharp:6px 6px 0px rgba(0,0,0,.2);--wp--preset--shadow--outlined:6px 6px 0px -3px rgba(255,255,255,1),6px 6px rgba(0,0,0,1);--wp--preset--shadow--crisp:6px 6px 0px rgba(0,0,0,1);}:where(.is-layout-flex){gap:.5em;}:where(.is-layout-grid){gap:.5em;}body .is-layout-flex{display:flex;}.is-layout-flex{flex-wrap:wrap;align-items:center;}.is-layout-flex > :is(*,div){margin:0;}body .is-layout-grid{display:grid;}.is-layout-grid > :is(*,div){margin:0;}:where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-flex){gap:2em;}:where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-grid){gap:2em;}:where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-flex){gap:1.25em;}:where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-grid){gap:1.25em;}.has-black-color{color:var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-color{color:var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-color{color:var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-color{color:var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-color{color:var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-color{color:var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-color{color:var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-color{color:var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-color{color:var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-color{color:var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-color{color:var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-color{color:var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-black-background-color{background-color:var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-background-color{background-color:var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-background-color{background-color:var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-background-color{background-color:var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-background-color{background-color:var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-background-color{background-color:var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-background-color{background-color:var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-background-color{background-color:var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-background-color{background-color:var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-background-color{background-color:var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-background-color{background-color:var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-background-color{background-color:var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-black-border-color{border-color:var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-border-color{border-color:var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-border-color{border-color:var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-border-color{border-color:var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-border-color{border-color:var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-border-color{border-color:var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-border-color{border-color:var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-border-color{border-color:var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-border-color{border-color:var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-border-color{border-color:var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-border-color{border-color:var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-border-color{border-color:var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple-gradient-background{background:var(--wp--preset--gradient--vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan-gradient-background{background:var(--wp--preset--gradient--light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange-gradient-background{background:var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red-gradient-background{background:var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red) !important;}.has-very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray-gradient-background{background:var(--wp--preset--gradient--very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-cool-to-warm-spectrum-gradient-background{background:var(--wp--preset--gradient--cool-to-warm-spectrum) !important;}.has-blush-light-purple-gradient-background{background:var(--wp--preset--gradient--blush-light-purple) !important;}.has-blush-bordeaux-gradient-background{background:var(--wp--preset--gradient--blush-bordeaux) !important;}.has-luminous-dusk-gradient-background{background:var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-dusk) !important;}.has-pale-ocean-gradient-background{background:var(--wp--preset--gradient--pale-ocean) !important;}.has-electric-grass-gradient-background{background:var(--wp--preset--gradient--electric-grass) !important;}.has-midnight-gradient-background{background:var(--wp--preset--gradient--midnight) !important;}.has-small-font-size{font-size:var(--wp--preset--font-size--small) !important;}.has-medium-font-size{font-size:var(--wp--preset--font-size--medium) !important;}.has-large-font-size{font-size:var(--wp--preset--font-size--large) !important;}.has-x-large-font-size{font-size:var(--wp--preset--font-size--x-large) !important;}:where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-flex){gap:1.25em;}:where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-grid){gap:1.25em;}:where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-flex){gap:2em;}:where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-grid){gap:2em;}:root :where(.wp-block-pullquote){font-size:1.5em;line-height:1.6;}body{background-color:#fffcf9;color:#3a3a3a;}a{color:#bf3900;}a:hover,a:focus,a:active{color:#993d00;}body .grid-container{max-width:1100px;}.wp-block-group__inner-container{max-width:1100px;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;}.site-header .header-image{width:200px;}:root{--contrast:#222;--contrast-2:#575760;--contrast-3:#b2b2be;--base:#f0f0f0;--base-2:#f7f8f9;--base-3:#fff;--accent:#1e73be;}:root .has-contrast-color{color:var(--contrast);}:root .has-contrast-background-color{background-color:var(--contrast);}:root .has-contrast-2-color{color:var(--contrast-2);}:root .has-contrast-2-background-color{background-color:var(--contrast-2);}:root .has-contrast-3-color{color:var(--contrast-3);}:root .has-contrast-3-background-color{background-color:var(--contrast-3);}:root .has-base-color{color:var(--base);}:root .has-base-background-color{background-color:var(--base);}:root .has-base-2-color{color:var(--base-2);}:root .has-base-2-background-color{background-color:var(--base-2);}:root .has-base-3-color{color:var(--base-3);}:root .has-base-3-background-color{background-color:var(--base-3);}:root .has-accent-color{color:var(--accent);}:root .has-accent-background-color{background-color:var(--accent);}body,button,input,select,textarea{font-family:"Lato",sans-serif;font-size:18px;}body{line-height:1.5;}.entry-content > [class*="wp-block-"]:not(:last-child):not(.wp-block-heading){margin-bottom:1.5em;}.main-navigation a,.menu-toggle{font-size:17px;}.main-navigation .main-nav ul ul li a{font-size:14px;}.sidebar .widget,.footer-widgets .widget{font-size:17px;}h1{font-size:40px;}h2{font-size:30px;}h3{font-size:20px;}h4{font-size:inherit;}h5{font-size:inherit;}@media (max-width:768px){h1{font-size:30px;}h2{font-size:25px;}}.top-bar{background-color:#636363;color:#fff;}.top-bar a{color:#fff;}.top-bar a:hover{color:#303030;}.site-header{background-color:#fff;color:#3a3a3a;}.site-header a{color:#3a3a3a;}.main-title a,.main-title a:hover{color:var(--contrast);}.site-description{color:#757575;}.main-navigation,.main-navigation ul ul{background-color:#dddaff;}.main-navigation .main-nav ul li a,.main-navigation .menu-toggle,.main-navigation .menu-bar-items{color:#3932ff;}.main-navigation .main-nav ul li:not([class*="current-menu-"]):hover > a,.main-navigation .main-nav ul li:not([class*="current-menu-"]):focus > a,.main-navigation .main-nav ul li.sfHover:not([class*="current-menu-"]) > a,.main-navigation .menu-bar-item:hover > a,.main-navigation .menu-bar-item.sfHover > a{color:#fff;background-color:#6660ff;}button.menu-toggle:hover,button.menu-toggle:focus,.main-navigation .mobile-bar-items a,.main-navigation .mobile-bar-items a:hover,.main-navigation .mobile-bar-items a:focus{color:#3932ff;}.main-navigation .main-nav ul li[class*="current-menu-"] > a{color:#fff;background-color:#6660ff;}.navigation-search input[type="search"],.navigation-search input[type="search"]:active,.navigation-search input[type="search"]:focus,.main-navigation .main-nav ul li.search-item.active > a,.main-navigation .menu-bar-items .search-item.active > a{color:#fff;background-color:#6660ff;}.main-navigation ul ul{background-color:#f5f4ff;}.main-navigation .main-nav ul ul li a{color:#6660ff;}.main-navigation .main-nav ul ul li:not([class*="current-menu-"]):hover > a,.main-navigation .main-nav ul ul li:not([class*="current-menu-"]):focus > a,.main-navigation .main-nav ul ul li.sfHover:not([class*="current-menu-"]) > a{color:#fff9f9;background-color:#bf3900;}.separate-containers .inside-article,.separate-containers .comments-area,.separate-containers .page-header,.one-container .container,.separate-containers .paging-navigation,.inside-page-header{background-color:#fff;}.entry-meta{color:#595959;}.entry-meta a{color:#595959;}.entry-meta a:hover{color:#1e73be;}.sidebar .widget{background-color:#fff;}.sidebar .widget .widget-title{color:#000;}.footer-widgets{background-color:#fff;}.footer-widgets .widget-title{color:#000;}.site-info{background-color:#fff;}input[type="text"],input[type="email"],input[type="url"],input[type="password"],input[type="search"],input[type="tel"],input[type="number"],textarea,select{color:#666;background-color:#fafafa;border-color:#ccc;}input[type="text"]:focus,input[type="email"]:focus,input[type="url"]:focus,input[type="password"]:focus,input[type="search"]:focus,input[type="tel"]:focus,input[type="number"]:focus,textarea:focus,select:focus{color:#666;background-color:#fff;border-color:#bfbfbf;}button,html input[type="button"],input[type="reset"],input[type="submit"],a.button,a.wp-block-button__link:not(.has-background){color:#3a3a3a;background-color:#ffb769;}button:hover,html input[type="button"]:hover,input[type="reset"]:hover,input[type="submit"]:hover,a.button:hover,button:focus,html input[type="button"]:focus,input[type="reset"]:focus,input[type="submit"]:focus,a.button:focus,a.wp-block-button__link:not(.has-background):active,a.wp-block-button__link:not(.has-background):focus,a.wp-block-button__link:not(.has-background):hover{color:#3a3a3a;background-color:#f4a564;}a.generate-back-to-top{background-color:rgba(0,0,0,.4);}a.generate-back-to-top:hover,a.generate-back-to-top:focus{background-color:rgba(0,0,0,.6);}:root{--gp-search-modal-bg-color:var(--base-3);--gp-search-modal-text-color:var(--contrast);--gp-search-modal-overlay-bg-color:rgba(0,0,0,.2);}@media (max-width: 768px){.main-navigation .menu-bar-item:hover > a,.main-navigation .menu-bar-item.sfHover > a{background:none;color:#3932ff;}}.inside-top-bar{padding:10px;}.inside-header{padding:10px 0px 10px 0px;}.site-main .wp-block-group__inner-container{padding:40px;}.entry-content .alignwide,body:not(.no-sidebar) .entry-content .alignfull{margin-left:-40px;width:calc(100% + 80px);max-width:calc(100% + 80px);}.main-navigation .main-nav ul li a,.menu-toggle,.main-navigation .mobile-bar-items a{padding-left:10px;padding-right:10px;line-height:50px;}.main-navigation .main-nav ul ul li a{padding:10px;}.main-navigation ul ul{width:199px;}.navigation-search input[type="search"]{height:50px;}.rtl .menu-item-has-children .dropdown-menu-toggle{padding-left:10px;}.menu-item-has-children .dropdown-menu-toggle{padding-right:10px;}.rtl .main-navigation .main-nav ul li.menu-item-has-children > a{padding-right:10px;}.site-info{padding:20px;}@media (max-width:768px){.separate-containers .inside-article,.separate-containers .comments-area,.separate-containers .page-header,.separate-containers .paging-navigation,.one-container .site-content,.inside-page-header{padding:30px;}.site-main .wp-block-group__inner-container{padding:30px;}.site-info{padding-right:10px;padding-left:10px;}.entry-content .alignwide,body:not(.no-sidebar) .entry-content .alignfull{margin-left:-30px;width:calc(100% + 60px);max-width:calc(100% + 60px);}}.one-container .sidebar .widget{padding:0px;}@media (max-width: 768px){.main-navigation .menu-toggle,.main-navigation .mobile-bar-items,.sidebar-nav-mobile:not(#sticky-placeholder){display:block;}.main-navigation ul,.gen-sidebar-nav{display:none;}[class*="nav-float-"] .site-header .inside-header > *{float:none;clear:both;}}.dynamic-author-image-rounded{border-radius:100%;}.dynamic-featured-image,.dynamic-author-image{vertical-align:middle;}.one-container.blog .dynamic-content-template:not(:last-child),.one-container.archive .dynamic-content-template:not(:last-child){padding-bottom:0px;}.dynamic-entry-excerpt > p:last-child{margin-bottom:0px;}.gb-container .wp-block-image img{vertical-align:middle;}.gb-grid-wrapper .wp-block-image{margin-bottom:0;}.gb-highlight{background:none;}:root{--global-kb-font-size-sm:clamp(.8rem,.73rem + .217vw,.9rem);--global-kb-font-size-md:clamp(1.1rem,.995rem + .326vw,1.25rem);--global-kb-font-size-lg:clamp(1.75rem,1.576rem + .543vw,2rem);--global-kb-font-size-xl:clamp(2.25rem,1.728rem + 1.63vw,3rem);--global-kb-font-size-xxl:clamp(2.5rem,1.456rem + 3.26vw,4rem);--global-kb-font-size-xxxl:clamp(2.75rem,.489rem + 7.065vw,6rem);}:root{--global-palette1:#3182ce;--global-palette2:#2b6cb0;--global-palette3:#1a202c;--global-palette4:#2d3748;--global-palette5:#4a5568;--global-palette6:#718096;--global-palette7:#edf2f7;--global-palette8:#f7fafc;--global-palette9:#fff;}.secondary-navigation .main-nav ul li a,.secondary-navigation .menu-toggle,.secondary-menu-bar-items .menu-bar-item > a{color:#333;font-size:16px;line-height:51px;}.secondary-navigation .secondary-menu-bar-items{color:#333;font-size:16px;}button.secondary-menu-toggle:hover,button.secondary-menu-toggle:focus{color:#333;}.widget-area .secondary-navigation{margin-bottom:20px;}.secondary-navigation ul ul{background-color:#303030;top:auto;}.secondary-navigation .main-nav ul ul li a{color:#fff;font-size:15px;}.secondary-navigation .main-nav ul li:not([class*="current-menu-"]):hover > a,.secondary-navigation .main-nav ul li:not([class*="current-menu-"]):focus > a,.secondary-navigation .main-nav ul li.sfHover:not([class*="current-menu-"]) > a,.secondary-menu-bar-items .menu-bar-item:hover > a{color:#7069ff;}.secondary-navigation .main-nav ul ul li:not([class*="current-menu-"]):hover > a,.secondary-navigation .main-nav ul ul li:not([class*="current-menu-"]):focus > a,.secondary-navigation .main-nav ul ul li.sfHover:not([class*="current-menu-"]) > a{color:#fff;background-color:#474747;}.secondary-navigation .main-nav ul li[class*="current-menu-"] > a{color:#7069ff;background-color:#fff;}.secondary-navigation .main-nav ul ul li[class*="current-menu-"] > a{color:#fff;background-color:#474747;}@media (max-width: 768px){.secondary-menu-bar-items .menu-bar-item:hover > a{background:none;color:#333;}}.getpaid-price-buttons label{transition:all .3s ease-out;text-align:center;padding:10px 20px;background-color:#eee;border:1px solid #e0e0e0;}.getpaid-price-circles label{padding:0 4px;-moz-border-radius:50%;-webkit-border-radius:50%;border-radius:50%;}.getpaid-price-circles label span{display:block;padding:50%;margin:-3em -50% 0;position:relative;top:1.5em;border:1em solid transparent;white-space:nowrap;}.getpaid-price-buttons input[type="radio"]{visibility:hidden;height:0;width:0 !important;}.getpaid-price-buttons input[type="radio"]:checked + label,.getpaid-price-buttons label:hover{color:#fff;background-color:#1e73be;border-color:#1e73be;}.getpaid-public-items-archive-single-item .inner{box-shadow:0 1px 3px rgba(0,0,0,.12),0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,.24);}.getpaid-public-items-archive-single-item:hover .inner{box-shadow:0 1px 4px rgba(0,0,0,.15),0 1px 3px rgba(0,0,0,.3);}.wp-block-getpaid-public-items-getpaid-public-items-loop .item-name{font-size:1.3rem;}.getpaid-subscription-item-actions{color:#ddd;font-size:13px;padding:2px 0 0;position:relative;left:-9999em;}.getpaid-subscriptions-table-row:hover .getpaid-subscription-item-actions{position:static;}.getpaid-subscriptions table{font-size:.9em;table-layout:fixed;}.getpaid-subscriptions-table-column-subscription{font-weight:500;}.getpaid-subscriptions-table-row span.label{font-weight:500;}.getpaid-subscriptions.bsui .table-bordered thead th{border-bottom-width:1px;}.getpaid-subscriptions.bsui .table-striped tbody tr:nth-of-type(odd){background-color:rgba(0,0,0,.01);}.wpinv-page .bsui a.btn{text-decoration:none;margin-right:2px;margin-bottom:2px;}.getpaid-cc-card-inner{max-width:460px;}.getpaid-payment-modal-close{position:absolute;top:0;right:0;z-index:200;}.getpaid-form-cart-item-price{min-width:120px !important;}#primary .getpaid-payment-form p{float:none !important;}.bsui .is-invalid ~ .invalid-feedback,.bsui .is-invalid ~ .invalid-tooltip{display:block;}.bsui .is-invalid{border-color:#dc3545 !important;}.getpaid-file-upload-element{height:200px;border:3px dashed #dee2e6;cursor:pointer;}.getpaid-file-upload-element:hover{border:3px dashed #424242;}.getpaid-file-upload-element.getpaid-trying-to-drop{border:3px dashed #8bc34a;background:#f1f8e9;}body,button,input,select,textarea{font-size:18px;}strong{font-weight:500 !important;}.main-navigation .main-nav ul ul li a{font-size:16px;}@media (min-width: 769px){nav .main-nav .mega-menu{position:static;}nav .main-nav .mega-menu > ul{position:absolute;width:100%;left:0 !important;}nav .main-nav .mega-menu > ul > li > a{font-size:17px !important;}nav .main-nav .mega-menu > ul > li{display:inline-block;width:25%;vertical-align:top;}nav .main-nav .mega-menu.mega-menu-col-2 > ul > li{width:50%;}nav .main-nav .mega-menu.mega-menu-col-3 > ul > li{width:33.3333%;}nav .main-nav .mega-menu.mega-menu-col-5 > ul > li{width:20%;}nav .main-nav .mega-menu > ul > li:hover > a,nav .main-nav .mega-menu > ul > li:focus > a,nav .main-nav .mega-menu > ul > li[class*="current-"] > a,nav .main-nav .mega-menu ul ul{background-color:transparent !important;color:inherit;}nav .main-nav .mega-menu ul .sub-menu{position:static;display:block;opacity:1;visibility:visible;width:100%;box-shadow:0 0 0;left:0;height:auto;}nav .main-nav .mega-menu ul.toggled-on .sub-menu{pointer-events:auto;}nav .main-nav .mega-menu .sub-menu .menu-item-has-children .dropdown-menu-toggle{display:none;}}.fl-builder article > .inside-article{padding:0;background-color:transparent;box-shadow:none;}.fl-builder .inside-article{margin-top:10px;margin-bottom:20px;}.fl-builder .pricing .price{font-size:1px;}.fl-builder .pricing .price em{font-size:18px;font-weight:normal;}.fl-builder .pricing.most-popular .price{color:#bf3900;}.fl-builder .pricing.most-popular .price em{color:#591b00;}.fl-builder .pricing .fl-module-button{margin-top:auto;}.inside-article,.sidebar .widget,.comments-area,.pp-express-confirm .site-content{background:#fff;box-shadow:0 0 3px rgba(1,1,1,.16);}.center-logo .site-header{text-align:center;}.membership .site-header{text-align:center;}.membership .hero{border-bottom:2px solid #ddd;}.membership .hero h1{color:#bf3900;font-weight:bold;}.hero{background-color:#fff;padding:40px 0;text-align:center;}.hero .grid-container{max-width:800px !important;}.hero h1{position:relative;display:inline-block;font-weight:500;}.hero h2{font-size:22px;font-weight:400;line-height:1.4;}.hero-border-bottom .hero{border-bottom:2px solid #ddd;}.boxes .wp-block-column{border:1px solid #eee;padding:1rem;}.boxes ul{margin-left:0;list-style:none;}.menu-item .description{display:block;line-height:initial;padding-bottom:1em;margin-top:-1em;max-width:170px;font-style:italic;font-size:.9em;text-transform:none;font-weight:normal;}.breadcrumbs{font-size:15px;padding:20px;text-align:left;max-width:1100px;margin:0 auto;color:#777;}.breadcrumbs a{color:#777;}.breadcrumbs a:hover{color:#bf3900;}.popup-box{border-color:#d5d5d5;box-shadow:0 0 3px rgba(1,1,1,.16);}.popup-box h3{background:#eee;color:#3a3a3a;}.button{margin:5px;}.kt-tabs-content-wrap{border:1px solid #eee;border-top:none;}.footer-bar{margin-bottom:20px !important;}.footer-bar .footer-logo{margin-bottom:0;}.footer-bar p{max-width:700px;margin:0 auto !important;}.copyright-bar,.copyright-bar a{color:#8b959e;}.copyright-bar a,.copyright-bar a a{text-decoration:underline;}.uabb-info-list .uabb-info-list-wrapper .uabb-info-list-item{padding-bottom:0px;}.uabb-info-list .uabb-info-list-content-wrapper{padding:10px;border-radius:5px;border:2px solid #f6f6f6;margin-bottom:5px;}.uabb-info-list .uabb-info-list-content-wrapper:hover{background:#f6f6f6;}.cb-element__button{border:none !important;box-shadow:none !important;width:auto;margin:0 auto;}a.button.link{background:none;}.main-navigation{border-top:1px solid #c9c8e6;border-bottom:1px solid #c9c8e6;}form.rcp_form input[type="text"],form.rcp_form input[type="password"],form.rcp_form textarea{background-color:#fffcf9 !important;box-shadow:0px 0px 1px 0px #ef9b1c !important;border-radius:4px !important;border:none;color:#562f18;}#rcp_registration_form label,#rcp_registration_form #rcp_card_name_wrap{margin-bottom:10px;}#rcp_registration_form .StripeElement{background-color:#fffcf9 !important;padding:15px 12px !important;box-shadow:0px 0px 3px 0px #ef9b1c !important;border-radius:4px !important;border:1px solid transparent !important;-webkit-transition:box-shadow 150ms ease !important;transition:box-shadow 150ms ease !important;}table.rcp-table th{background:#fffcf9;color:#562f18;}#rcp_user_login_wrap,#rcp_password_again_wrap,#rcp_password_again_wrap,#rcp_user_first_wrap,#rcp_user_last_wrap,.rcp_header,.rcp_description,.rcp_login_link{display:none;}.fieldset{display:grid;grid-template-columns:50% 50%;}.fieldset fieldset{display:contents;}.rcp_registration_total ~ .rcp_registration_total,.rcp_discounts_fieldset{display:none;}.show-discounts .rcp_discounts_fieldset{display:block;}.rcp_card_name{width:100%;}#rcp_payment_gateways label{font-weight:normal;cursor:pointer;color:#bf3900;text-align:right;}#rcp_payment_gateways label:before{content:"Click here to pay with ";display:inline;}#rcp_payment_gateways label:after{content:" instead";}#rcp_payment_gateways label input{display:none;}#rcp_payment_gateways label.selected{display:none;}.rcp_gateways_fieldset legend{display:none;}#rcp_agree_to_terms_wrap,#rcp_agree_to_privacy_policy_wrap{margin-bottom:0;}#rcp_agree_to_terms_wrap label,#rcp_agree_to_privacy_policy_wrap label{display:inline;}.rcp_gateway_stripe_fields{margin-bottom:20px;}#rcp_submit_wrap{margin:30px;}.site-footer{border-top:1px solid #eee;}#rcp_login_form,#rcp_lostpassword_form{text-align:center;}#rcp_login_form label,#rcp_lostpassword_form label{display:block;font-weight:bold;margin-bottom:10px;}#rcp_login_form label[for="rcp_user_remember"],#rcp_lostpassword_form label[for="rcp_user_remember"]{display:inline;font-weight:normal;}iframe.course-presentation{max-width:99.5%;}.sh-sample-link{display:none;}.logged-in .sh-sample-link{display:initial !important;}.separate-containers .site-main{margin-top:0;}.fl-post-grid-content p:first-of-type{display:none;}.fl-post-grid-content .read-more-container{align-self:end;}.narrow.my-account #page,.narrow.my-account .breadcrumbs{max-width:700px;}.narrow.my-account .rcp_form{margin:0 auto;margin-top:40px;}.narrow.my-account .rcp_form legend:first-of-type{display:none;}.narrow.my-account .rcp_form input{width:100%;}.narrow.my-account #rcp_update_card_form input{width:auto;}#rcp_profile_first_name_wrap,#rcp_profile_last_name_wrap,#rcp_profile_display_name_wrap{display:none;}.legacy-members-download-box{position:relative;background-color:rgba(255,183,105,.21);box-shadow:0px 0px 3px 0px #ef9b1c;padding:2em;}.legacy-members-download-box h3{color:#bf3900;font-size:30px;font-weight:600;}.legacy-members-download-box span.label{position:absolute;top:0;right:0;}.legacy-members-download-box .second-column{margin-top:20px;}.pp-express-confirm .site-content{max-width:800px;margin:auto;margin-top:40px;padding:40px;}.hello-bar{text-align:center;}.hello-bar .sh-error,.hello-bar .sh-warning{padding:20px;color:white;}.hello-bar .sh-error{background-color:#d63636;}.hello-bar .sh-warning{background-color:#3638d6;}.hello-bar a{color:white;text-decoration:underline;}.rcp_error,.rcp_success,.rcp_warning{color:white;padding:10px;font-size:16px;text-align:center;}.rcp_error{background-color:#d63636;}.rcp_success{background-color:#199623;}.rcp_warning{background-color:#3638d6;}span.label{display:inline-block;padding:5px 10px;font-size:15px;margin-bottom:10px;}span.label.label-Free,span.label.label-Premium{background:#ffd8ac;color:#794000;}span.label.label-Free:after,span.label.label-Premium:after{content:" Download";}.wpc-progress-bar{margin-bottom:20px;}.wpc-bar-progress .wpc-numbers span{font-weight:normal;}.wpc-progress-fill{margin:5px;}.simple-wpc-progress-bar .wpc-progress-fill{margin:0;height:5px;}.simple-wpc-progress-bar .wpc-numbers{display:none;}.dashboard-single-course-list .wpc-list{margin:0;list-style:none;}.dashboard-single-course-list li > a:before{content:" ";display:inline-block;border:1px solid #ddd;width:15px;height:15px;margin-right:5px;vertical-align:middle;border-radius:4px;}.dashboard-single-course-list .wpc-lesson-completed{text-decoration:none;}.dashboard-single-course-list .wpc-lesson-completed:before{content:"✓";line-height:12px;font-size:20px;}.dashboard-single-course-list .wpc-lesson-completed:after{content:"";}li a.wpc-lesson-completed{opacity:1;text-decoration:line-through;}li a.wpc-lesson-completed:after{content:"✓";color:#007e65;opacity:1 !important;}.wpc-button{text-decoration:none !important;}.wpc-button:hover{opacity:1 !important;background-color:#f4a564;}.wpc-content-button-completed{text-align:center;}.wpc-content-button-completed p{margin-bottom:0;}.wpc-content-button-completed p,.wpc-content-button-completed .wpc-nav-next-to-complete{display:inline;}.course-progress-container{margin:0 0 20px;margin-left:20px;background-color:#fafafa;border-radius:4px;border-width:1px;border-style:solid;border-color:#eee;}.course-progress-container .gb-inside-container{padding:20px;max-width:1100px;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;}.course-progress-container .gb-headline{color:#666;font-size:22px;margin-bottom:20px;}.course-progress-container a.wpc-button{display:none;}.course-progress-container a.wpc-button-completed{margin-top:10px;display:block;background:none;color:#7d8b96;padding:0;font-size:15px;text-decoration:underline !important;text-align:center;}.wpc-nav-next-to-complete{font-size:15px;color:#007e65;}.entry-content .wpc-completed{margin-top:10px;display:block;background:none;color:#7d8b96;padding:0;font-size:15px;text-decoration:underline !important;}.wpc-nav-previous-page,.wpc-nav-next-page{font-size:15px;display:inline-block;}.wpc-nav-previous-page a,.wpc-nav-next-page a{text-decoration:underline;}.wpc-nav-next-page{text-align:right;}.wpc-after-content-navigation{margin-top:30px;display:grid;grid-template-columns:50% 50%;grid-gap:10px;}.entry-content iframe{margin-bottom:20px;}.footer-bar .search-field{max-width:400px;}.hello-bar{text-align:center !important;padding:20px !important;background-color:#bf3900 !important;color:white !important;}.search .grid-container{max-width:1100px !important;}.search div.inside-article{padding:40px;background-color:#fff;box-shadow:0 0 3px rgba(1,1,1,.16);}.ld-breadcrumbs-segments{display:none;}.ld-breadcrumbs{background:none;text-align:right;display:block;}.ld-breadcrumbs .ld-status{display:inline;}.learndash-wrapper .ld-content-actions .ld-content-action{flex:0 0 250px;}.learndash-wrapper .ld-table-list .ld-table-list-header{padding:10px;}.learndash-wrapper .ld-table-list .ld-table-list-header .ld-table-list-title{font-size:100%;font-weight:normal;}.learndash-wrapper .ld-table-list .ld-table-list-item-preview,.learndash-wrapper .ld-table-list .ld-table-list-item-expanded .ld-table-list .ld-table-list-item-preview{padding:10px;}.ldx-plugin .learndash .wpProQuiz_content .wpProQuiz_button,.ldx-plugin .learndash .wpProQuiz_content .wpProQuiz_button2,.ldx-plugin .learndash .wpProQuiz_content .wpProQuiz_button.wpProQuiz_TipButton,.ldx-plugin .learndash .wpProQuiz_content a#quiz_continue_link,.ldx-plugin .learndash .wpProQuiz_content form[name=uploadEssay] input[type=submit],.ldx-plugin .learndash .wpProQuiz_content .wpProQuiz_certificate a.btn-blue,.learndash-wrapper .ld-button,.learndash-wrapper .ld-expand-button,.learndash-wrapper .btn-join,.learndash-wrapper #btn-join,.learndash-wrapper .learndash_mark_complete_button,.learndash-wrapper #learndash_mark_complete_button,.learndash-wrapper .ld-login-modal .ld-button,.learndash-wrapper .ld-login-modal input[type=submit],.learndash-wrapper .ld-login-modal .ld-login-modal-register #wp-submit,.learndash-wrapper .ld-item-list .ld-item-search .ld-item-search-fields .ld-item-search-submit .ld-button,.ld-course-list-items .ld_course_grid .thumbnail.course a.btn-primary,.ldx-plugin .uo-toolkit-grid__course-action input,.learndash-resume-button input[type=submit],.learndash-wrapper .ld-login-button,.learndash-reset-form .learndash-reset-button[type=submit],.learndash-wrapper .ld-focus-comment .ld-comment-reply a.comment-reply-link,.learndash-wrapper .ld-focus-comments .form-submit #submit,.rrf-modal-content.modal .modal-navigation button,.course-reviews-section .write-a-review.not-rated,.course-reviews-section .login-to-enroll.button,button.wdm_feedback_form_pop,.wdm_feedback_form .wdm_feedback_submission,.ldgr-group-actions #ldgr-update-group-details,.wdm-tabs-wrapper #bulk_remove,.wdm-tabs-wrapper #wdm_submit,.wdm-tabs-wrapper #wdm_ldgr_show_report,.wdm-tabs-wrapper #wdm_submit_upload{font-weight:normal;}.wpProQuiz_header{display:none;}.ld-button .ld-icon-arrow-right{display:none;}.wpc-list{margin-left:0;list-style:none;}.wpc-list li{border-top:1px solid #eee;border-bottom:1px solid #eee;padding:5px 0;font-size:16px;}.wpc-list li a{color:#777;}.wpc-progress-fill{margin-left:0;}.sh-is-course .hero{border-bottom:1px solid #eee;}.tag-lesson-type-quiz .wpc-button-complete{display:none;}.searchwp-live-search-results{opacity:0;transition:opacity .25s ease-in-out;-moz-transition:opacity .25s ease-in-out;-webkit-transition:opacity .25s ease-in-out;height:0;overflow:hidden;z-index:9999995;position:absolute;display:none;}.searchwp-live-search-results-showing{display:block;opacity:1;height:auto;overflow:auto;}.searchwp-live-search-no-results{padding:3em 2em 0;text-align:center;}.searchwp-live-search-no-min-chars:after{content:"Continue typing";display:block;text-align:center;padding:2em 2em 0;}html{font-size:16px;}

Download The Making of the United Kingdom

GCSE Worksheet: