Teach SQA Nat 5 The Cross and the Crescent, the Crusades 1071-1192, no prep needed!
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Part 1: The Cross and the Crescent, the Crusades 1071-1192
A study of aspects of religious warfare in the Middle Ages as seen through the events of the First Crusade, illustrating the themes of religious belief, conflict and conquest.
Key issues and description of content
Knights, castles and warfare
- The role of knights in society including members of the feudal system. A knight’s weapons and equipment. The importance of castles in medieval times including great hall used as a court. Changes in castles. Weapons and battle tactics including siege warfare.
The First Crusade
- Reasons for the call of the First Crusade; the peasants’ and knights’ motives for taking the cross including economic. Peter the Hermit and the failure of the People’s Crusade; the relationship between the knights and Emperor Alexius including the events at Constantinople. The capture of key cities including Nicaea, Edessa, Antioch. Cannibalism at Ma’arra. Reasons for the success of the First Crusade including Muslim Disunity and the Crusading Ideal. Support from the Italian cities such as Venice.
The Fall of Jerusalem, 1187
- Long-term problems after the First Crusade including shortage of peasants and soldiers. Solutions to these problems including introduction of Knights Templars. Saladin’s unification of the Muslims. Divisions among the Crusaders, Hawks and Doves. Death of King Baldwin IV, dislike of King Guy. The Battle of Hattin, events at Jerusalem. Crusaders’ success in saving cities including Tyre.
The Third Crusade, to 1192
- The characters of Richard I and Saladin. Richard’s military success including the siege of Acre. Richard’s difficult relationship with Philip Augustus and the French. Saladin’s diplomatic strengths, negotiations with the Crusaders.
References for Part 1: The Cross and the Crescent, the Crusades 1071-1192
Resource Examples
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