The Third Reich c. 1933–c.1945: a case study in modern nationalism WJEC GCSE

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WJEC GCSE The Third Reich c. 1933–c.1945: a case study in modern nationalism

On-screen non-examination assessment: 3 hours 20% of qualification 80 marks 

Unit 2: An in-depth study on European and/or World history

The purpose of this unit is to provide an understanding of an issue in European and/or world history in depth via the study of historical sources and interpretations.

Centres can choose one of the three periods of study: medieval, early modern or modern, not repeating a period of study studied in Unit 1 or 3. Centres will choose one of two options within the period.

Learners will study one of six historical topics to undertake an in-depth study that will provide them with an understanding of an issue in European and/or world history. They will then undertake a historical enquiry based on their selected historical topic.

Learners should be able demonstrate skills of analysis and evaluation when engaging with sources that relate to the selected historical topic and historical interpretations that encompass contrasting views of events and people.

Learners should also be able to apply their knowledge and understanding of the following historical concepts in the context of their chosen historical topic:

  • continuity and change
  • similarity and difference
  • significance and impact
  • cause and consequence.

Modern

The Third Reich c. 1933–c.1945: a case study in modern nationalism

In this topic learners will gain knowledge and understanding in the following areas:

2.5.1 The consolidation of the Nazi Party c.1933–1934
2.5.2 Racial and Social policies c.1933–c.1939
2.5.3 Religious and Economic policies c.1934–c.1939
2.5.4 The effects of the Second World War on the lives of the German people
2.5.5 The fall of the Third Reich and de-Nazification.

Content and Amplification

Background: the origins and rise of the Nazi Party

Learners should be aware of:

  • the reasons for the establishment of the Weimar Republic and the challenges it faced
  • the reasons for the emergence of, and developing support for, the Nazi Party, and Hitler’s rise to the top of the Party.

2.5.1 The consolidation of the Nazi Party c.1933–1934

  • the events that helped to consolidate the Nazi Party’s position, including:
    • the Reichstag Fire and the Enabling Act
    • the ban on opposition parties
  • how Hitler became Führer in 1934, including:
    • the significance of the death of Hindenburg
    • the Night of the Long Knives and the armed forces’ oath of allegiance to the Nazi Party.

2.5.2 Racial and Social policies c.1933–c.1939

  • how racial policies developed under the Nazis, including:
    • anti-Semitism, the Aryan race, the Nuremberg Laws policed by the SS and the Gestapo
    • Kristallnacht and emigration
  • how social policies developed under the Nazis, including:
    • propaganda, censorship, youth movements and education policies
    • changing lives for asocials, women, youth and workers.

2.5.3 Religious and Economic policies c.1934–c.1939

  • changing policies towards religion including:
    • the Concordat with the Catholic Church, the reaction within the Protestant Church and the emergence of the Confessional Church
    • the development of the National Reich Church
  • the economic changes and policies implemented to establish autarky including:
    • the economy under Schacht
    • the economy under Göring and the Four-Year Plan.

2.5.4 The effects of the Second World War on the lives of the German people

  • how the war affected German lives between 1939 and 1941, including:
    • the changing role of women
    • war propaganda
  • how Allied bombing led to ‘total war’ and its effect on German lives, including:
    • opposition to the Nazis from the young, including the White Rose Group; from religious groups and people,
      including Martin Niemöller and Dietrich Bonhoeffer; and from sections of the military, including Operation Valkyrie
    • the Final Solution.

2.5.5 The fall of the Third Reich and de-Nazification

  • the surrender of Berlin and the fall of the Third Reich, including:
    • the intensification of allied bombings and the Red Army invasion
    • the death of Hitler and the surrender of Germany in 1945
  • de-Nazification, including:
    • the dissolution and prohibition of the National Socialist Party
    • the Nuremberg Trials, 1945.

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